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Related Concept Videos

Cell Size01:22

Cell Size

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Cell sizes vary widely among and within organisms. Bacterial cells range between 1-10 micrometers (μm)and are considerably smaller than most eukaryotic cells. The smallest bacteria are 0.1 μm in diameter—about a thousand times smaller than eukaryotic cells, which typically range from 10-100 μm.
Surface Area
Cells can take in nutrients and water via diffusion through the plasma membrane itself or through specific channels in the membrane. The area of the membrane surrounding...
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Updated: Mar 25, 2026

A Simple Method for the Size Controlled Synthesis of Stable Oligomeric Clusters of Gold Nanoparticles under Ambient Conditions
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A Simple Method for the Size Controlled Synthesis of Stable Oligomeric Clusters of Gold Nanoparticles under Ambient Conditions

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Small is beautiful: Surprising nanoparticles.

Dominique Duchêne1, Ruxandra Gref2

  • 1Galien Institute, UMR CNRS 8612, Paris 11 University, 92290 Châtenay Malabry, France.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|February 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanoparticle shape and internal structure significantly influence their behavior in biological systems, impacting drug delivery efficacy and potential toxicity. This review explores diverse nanoparticle morphologies used in pharmaceutical technology.

Keywords:
Branched nanoparticlesDumbbellsJanusNanoparticlesOnionsRattles

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Pharmaceutical Technology

Background:

  • Nanoparticle size and surface properties are known to affect biological interactions.
  • The influence of nanoparticle shape and internal structure on cellular and in vivo fate is less understood.
  • Diverse and complex nanoparticle morphologies are emerging in pharmaceutical research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review surprising and frequently encountered nanoparticle shapes and structures in pharmaceutical technology.
  • To categorize these nanoparticles based on their physical characteristics.
  • To highlight their preparation methods and potential applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications on nanoparticle morphology.
  • Classification of nanoparticles into smooth-surfaced and branched categories.
  • Description of preparation techniques and application potentials.

Main Results:

  • Identified two main groups of nanoparticles: smooth-surfaced (e.g., Janus, dumbbells, rattles, onions) and branched (e.g., flowers, stars, urchins).
  • Provided examples of unique nanoparticle structures with potential pharmaceutical applications.
  • Briefly outlined methods for their preparation.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoparticle shape and internal structure are critical factors for drug delivery and biological interactions.
  • Exploring these complex nanostructures offers opportunities to understand their utility and toxicity.
  • Further research into structure-property relationships is essential for advancing nanomedicine.