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PP2A as a master regulator of the cell cycle

Nathan Wlodarchak1, Yongna Xing1

  • 1a McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , WI , USA.

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
|February 25, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulates the cell cycle by dephosphorylating numerous substrates. This review details PP2A

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a key regulator of cellular processes.
  • It dephosphorylates over 300 substrates crucial for cell cycle progression.
  • PP2A functions through distinct holoenzyme families, spatially and temporally regulated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of PP2A in cell cycle regulation.
  • To examine PP2A's involvement in Wnt, mTOR, and MAP kinase signaling pathways.
  • To highlight PP2A's function in G1→S transition, DNA synthesis, and mitotic initiation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of PP2A's role in cell cycle.
  • Analysis of PP2A's involvement in key signaling pathways.
  • Examination of PP2A's function in cell cycle transitions and DNA synthesis.

Main Results:

  • PP2A regulates multiple cell cycle pathways and checkpoints.
  • Specific PP2A holoenzymes and regulators are critical for its diverse functions.
  • PP2A is implicated in Wnt, mTOR, and MAP kinase signaling pathways.

Conclusions:

  • PP2A is essential for cell cycle control, impacting survival and proliferation.
  • Dysregulation of PP2A is linked to cancer and other diseases.
  • Understanding PP2A's regulatory mechanisms offers therapeutic potential.
Keywords:
CancerPP2Acell cyclecell divisionmitosisphosphatase

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