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Rf-modulation of mid-infrared distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers.

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    We characterized distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers (DFB QCLs), achieving high modulation speeds up to 26.5 GHz. A novel resonance phenomenon was observed, enabling the single-sideband regime for these lasers.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Semiconductor physics
    • Laser technology

    Background:

    • Distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers (DFB QCLs) are crucial for mid-infrared applications.
    • Understanding their transient behavior is key to improving modulation speeds and functionalities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the transient electrical and optical characteristics of 4.5-μm DFB QCLs.
    • To model the underlying physics governing the observed transient behaviors.
    • To explore the potential for high-speed modulation and novel operating regimes.

    Main Methods:

    • Electrical and optical characterization of DFB QCLs.
    • High-frequency measurements using a coplanar waveguide configuration.
    • Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and heterodyne beating experiments.
    • Theoretical modeling using a 2-mode Maxwell-Bloch formalism.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved high modulation frequencies: 23.5 GHz (optical) and 26.5 GHz (electrical).
    • Obtained a maximum 3-dB cut-off frequency of 6.6 GHz in microwave rectification.
    • Observed a resonance peak due to DFB-Fabry-Pérot mode coupling during modulation.
    • Demonstrated the first experimental observation of the single-sideband regime in DFB QCLs.

    Conclusions:

    • The optimized device design enables significantly high modulation bandwidths in DFB QCLs.
    • Mode coupling leads to a resonance phenomenon that can be exploited for single-sideband operation.
    • These findings pave the way for advanced applications requiring high-speed and spectrally controlled mid-infrared light sources.