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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
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Graphene-controlled fiber Bragg grating and enabled optical bistability.

Xuetao Gan, Yadong Wang, Fanlu Zhang

    Optics Letters
    |February 25, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    Graphene enables all-optical control of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), achieving in-fiber optical bistability and switching. This breakthrough offers precise control over FBG characteristics for advanced optical applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Materials Science
    • Optical Engineering

    Background:

    • Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are crucial optical components.
    • All-optical control methods are sought for advanced photonic devices.
    • Graphene's unique optical properties offer potential for novel device functionalities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate all-optical control of an FBG using graphene.
    • To achieve in-fiber optical bistability and switching.
    • To investigate the tunability of FBG characteristics via optical pumping.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a micro-FBG wrapped with graphene.
    • Application of an optical pump to the graphene-FBG structure.
    • Characterization of FBG wavelength and bandwidth shifts.

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  • Analysis of optical bistability and switching performance.

    • Main Results:

    • Graphene-assisted all-optical control of FBG characteristics (chirp and phase shift) was achieved.
    • Pump power precisely controlled FBG wavelength and bandwidth.
    • Optical bistability and multistability demonstrated via shifted Bragg reflection and Fabry-Perot resonance.
    • Optical switching with >20 dB extinction ratio and millisecond response times was realized.

    Conclusions:

    • Graphene integration provides an effective all-optical tuning mechanism for FBGs.
    • The demonstrated technique enables in-fiber optical bistability and switching.
    • This work paves the way for novel tunable photonic devices and optical signal processing.