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Efficient spectroscopic imaging by an optimized encoding of pretargeted resonances.

Zhiyong Zhang1,2, Noam Shemesh1,3, Lucio Frydman1

  • 1Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|February 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A new Spectroscopically Encoded Chemical Shift Imaging (SECSI) method enhances Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) data acquisition. This relaxation-enhanced approach provides faster, more efficient spectroscopic imaging with improved spectral and spatial correlations.

Keywords:
MRSIbrain metabolic imagingselective spectral excitations

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Spectroscopy
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • The relaxation-enhanced (RE) approach improves in vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) by providing flat baselines and good sensitivity.
  • RE MRS targets specific resonances, enabling faster and more efficient spectroscopic imaging data acquisition.
  • Spectroscopic imaging offers valuable spectral/spatial correlation information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To illustrate the potential of RE MRS for faster and more efficient spectroscopic imaging.
  • To introduce and demonstrate the Spectroscopically Encoded Chemical Shift Imaging (SECSI) method.

Main Methods:

  • SECSI utilizes gradient echo trains timed to specific resonance shifts for spectral/spatial correlation.
  • Matrix inversion, guided by condition number considerations, is used to resolve image contributions.
  • Phase encoding in spin-echo trains allows for sampling of additional spatial axes, enhancing efficiency.

Main Results:

  • 1D spectral / 2D spatial SECSI acquisitions were successfully implemented on phantom, ex vivo, and in vivo models.
  • High-quality, site-resolved images were obtained across all tested models.
  • Experimental signal-to-noise ratio enhancements aligned with theoretical predictions.

Conclusions:

  • A novel spectroscopic imaging protocol, SECSI, was proposed and demonstrated, leveraging prior knowledge, selective excitations, and multiple echo encodings.
  • The method shows promise for applications with high T2/T2* ratios, sparse data, or in hyperpolarization studies.
  • While sensitivity limitations inherent to MRSI persist, SECSI offers a significant advancement in spectroscopic imaging efficiency and quality.