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Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents Living with HIV

María Espiau1, Diego Yeste, Antoni Noguera-Julian

  • 1From the *Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; †Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain; ‡Infectious Diseases Unit, Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; §Pediatric Infectious Diseases and HIV Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; ¶Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain; ‖Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain; **Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; ††Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Infantil La Paz-Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; ‡‡Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; §§Pediatric Infectious Diseases and HIV Unit, Complejo Hospitalario Insular Materno-Infantil de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain; ¶¶Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain; and ‖‖Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Infantil Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|February 25, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects pediatric HIV patients, with prevalence varying by diagnostic criteria. Active assessment is crucial, especially for children with lipohypertrophy.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
  • Metabolic disorders are increasingly prevalent in children with HIV.
  • This study investigates MetS in HIV-infected children in Spain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and characteristics of MetS in HIV-infected children and adolescents.
  • To compare MetS prevalence using different diagnostic criteria.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional multicenter study of 152 pediatric patients from the Spanish AIDS Research Network (CoRISpe).
  • MetS diagnosed using International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria.
  • Data included anthropometry, blood pressure, lipids, glucose, insulin, and lipodystrophy assessment.

Main Results:

  • Low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol was the most common abnormality (21.05%).
  • MetS prevalence was 1.97% (IDF criteria) and 5.92% (modified NCEP-ATP III criteria).
  • MetS was associated with lipohypertrophy, Tanner stage, and elevated BMI Z-scores.

Conclusions:

  • MetS prevalence in pediatric HIV-infected patients varies by diagnostic criteria (1.97%-5.92%).
  • Lipohypertrophy is a key indicator for MetS assessment in this population.
  • Regular screening for MetS is recommended for HIV-infected children.
Abstract

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