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Recent Insights Into Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Risk Among HIV-Infected Adults

Robert C Kaplan1, David B Hanna2, Jorge R Kizer2,3

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA. robert.kaplan@einstein.yu.edu.

Current HIV/AIDS Reports
|February 25, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Even with treatment, adults with HIV face persistent cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks. HIV may also impact heart function and structure, potentially leading to heart failure and arrhythmias.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality has declined in adults with HIV.
  • However, excess CVD risk persists in HIV-infected individuals despite treatment and risk factor management.
  • Emerging evidence links HIV to cardiac dysfunction, fibrosis, and fat infiltration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolving landscape of CVD in the context of HIV.
  • To highlight non-atherosclerotic cardiac complications associated with HIV.
  • To discuss the implications for clinical risk stratification and treatment guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on HIV and cardiovascular disease.
  • Analysis of trends in CVD mortality and morbidity among HIV-infected populations.
  • Examination of the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on cardiac health.

Main Results:

  • HIV infection is associated with impaired left ventricular function and structural cardiac changes.
  • Heart failure and arrhythmias may become more prevalent than coronary artery disease in aging HIV populations.
  • The role of HIV in clinical CVD risk prediction remains unclear.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-positive individuals may experience unique cardiovascular complications beyond traditional atherosclerosis.
  • Cardiovascular risk assessment in HIV requires updated strategies.
  • Further research is needed to integrate HIV status into CVD prevention guidelines.

Keywords:
AgingCVDCardiovascular diseaseCoronary heart diseaseEpidemiologyHIVHIV/AIDSReview

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