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Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens in the Upper Extremity: A Case Report and Systematic Review and Outcomes Analysis
Jacques Greenberg1, Douglas A Troutman2, Valeriy Shubinets1
1Vascular Surgery, Pennsylvania Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Abstract:
Phlegmasia cerulea dolens (PCD) is a rare form of venous gangrene that arises secondary to occlusion of venous outflow from a limb. Classically described in the lower extremity, it is rare in the upper extremity. We present a case report of upper extremity PCD and a systematic review with data analysis of 37 cases of PCD published in PubMed. Our analysis showed that concurrent lower extremity PCD was a statistically significant marker for worse outcomes in this patient population.
