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Allergic Reactions

Allergic Reactions

Cross-reactivity

Cross-reactivity

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...

Vaccinations

Vaccinations

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Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Humanized Mediator Release Assay as a Read-Out for Allergen Potency

Humanized Mediator Release Assay as a Read-Out for Allergen Potency

Published on: June 29, 2021

Allergen Immunotherapy: Past, Present, and Future.

Marek Jutel^1,2, Anna Kosowska^1,3, Sylwia Smolinska^1,3

¹Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.

Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research

|March 1, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) offers a causal treatment for allergies, preventing new allergic conditions and asthma with long-term benefits. Further research into novel AIT methods is needed to enhance effectiveness and safety for all patients.

Keywords:

Allergen immunotherapy allergen vaccines

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Last Updated: Mar 25, 2026

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Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies

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Published on: October 25, 2018

Area of Science:

Immunology
Allergology
Pharmacoeconomics

Background:

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only causal treatment for allergic diseases, with a century of clinical use.
Numerous clinical trials confirm the safety and efficacy of AIT in reducing allergy symptoms.
AIT also plays a crucial role in preventing the development of new allergies and asthma, demonstrating long-term effects post-treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the established benefits of AIT, including symptom reduction, prevention of new allergies, and long-term efficacy.
To identify the limitations of current AIT, such as variable effectiveness across different allergens and individuals.
To emphasize the ongoing need for research into novel AIT approaches to improve safety and effectiveness.

Main Methods:

Review of clinical trial data demonstrating AIT safety and efficacy.
Analysis of immunological research on AIT, focusing on T cell subsets involved in tolerance.
Examination of pharmacoeconomic studies comparing AIT with pharmacologic treatments.

Main Results:

AIT is proven effective in reducing allergy symptoms and preventing new allergic conditions and asthma.
Long-term benefits of AIT persist even after treatment cessation.
Pharmacoeconomic studies indicate a significant advantage of AIT over conventional pharmacologic therapies.

Conclusions:

AIT is a valuable causal treatment for allergies with demonstrated safety, efficacy, and preventive capabilities.
Despite its benefits, AIT's effectiveness varies, necessitating continued research for improved modalities.
Understanding the immunological mechanisms of AIT, particularly T cell responses, offers pathways to develop safer and more effective treatments.