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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Enhanced Genome Editing with Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Diverse Cells and Organisms
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Recent Progress in CRISPR/Cas9 Technology.

Yue Mei1, Yan Wang2, Huiqian Chen3

  • 1Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China.

Journal of Genetics and Genomics = Yi Chuan Xue Bao
|March 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system offers advanced genome editing capabilities. Recent improvements enhance its precision and expand applications, but ethical and safety considerations remain crucial.

Keywords:
CRISPR/Cas9Epigenome editingGenome editingRNA editing

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system is a powerful genome editing tool.
  • Recent advancements have significantly improved its technological sophistication and practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent progress in CRISPR/Cas9 technology.
  • To explore methods for precise genome manipulation using CRISPR/Cas9.
  • To discuss the mechanism, improvements, applications, and future prospects of CRISPR/Cas9.

Main Methods:

  • Review of biochemical and structural implications of CRISPR/Cas9.
  • Highlighting modifications to the Cas9 protein for customized genome editing.
  • Surveying current applications in editing genomes, epigenomes, and RNA across diverse organisms.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR/Cas9 technology has rapidly advanced, offering enhanced precision in genome manipulation.
  • Cas9 protein modifications allow for greater customization and control in editing applications.
  • The system has been successfully applied to edit DNA, epigenomes, and RNA in various organisms.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR/Cas9 technology provides a versatile and efficient platform for genome editing.
  • Ongoing research focuses on refining the system's capabilities and expanding its applications.
  • Addressing ethical and biosafety concerns is paramount for the responsible development and deployment of CRISPR/Cas9 technology.