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Filtration

Filtration

Filtration is a physical separation process that involves passing a suspension through a porous medium to separate solids from fluids. During filtration, solids collect on the porous medium while liquids, also collectively known as the filtrate, pass through. The filtration medium is selected based on the filtration purpose, quantity, and nature of the precipitate. The general criteria for a suitable filtering medium are that it is inert, mechanically strong, nonabsorbent toward dissolved...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Tangential Flow Ultrafiltration: A “Green” Method for the Size Selection and Concentration of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles

Tangential Flow Ultrafiltration: A “Green” Method for the Size Selection and Concentration of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles

Published on: October 4, 2012

Microfluidic colloid filtration.

John Linkhorst¹, Torsten Beckmann¹, Dennis Go²

¹RWTH Aachen University, AVT.CVT-Chemical Process Engineering, Aachen, 52056, Germany.

Scientific Reports

|March 2, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a microfluidics method to visualize colloidal matter buildup and transport within membrane filters. This technique allows for detailed observation of fouling layer dynamics, aiding water treatment advancements.

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Last Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Tangential Flow Ultrafiltration: A “Green” Method for the Size Selection and Concentration of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles

Tangential Flow Ultrafiltration: A “Green” Method for the Size Selection and Concentration of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles

Published on: October 4, 2012

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Published on: February 13, 2016

Area of Science:

Water treatment technologies
Membrane filtration science
Colloidal science

Background:

Membrane filtration is crucial for water treatment, using synthetic membranes to retain natural and colloidal matter.
Colloidal matter forms a fouling layer on membranes, increasing resistance and reducing water flow.
Existing theoretical models lack direct visualization of fouling layer dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and present a microfluidics-based methodology for visualizing colloidal filtration processes.
To enable the study of filter cake buildup and transport phenomena within the fouling layer at the single-particle level.
To investigate complex colloidal processes like jamming, crystallization, and melting during filtration.

Main Methods:

Utilized a microfluidic platform to simulate and observe colloidal filtration.
Employed high-resolution visualization techniques to track particle behavior within the membrane.
Analyzed colloidal jamming, crystallization, melting, and translocation dynamics.

Main Results:

Successfully visualized the dynamic build-up of filter cake layers.
Observed and analyzed colloidal jamming, crystallization, and melting phenomena in situ.
Tracked single particle translocation events within the fouling layer.

Conclusions:

The microfluidic colloidal filtration methodology provides unprecedented insight into fouling layer formation and dynamics.
This approach facilitates a deeper understanding of particle-level interactions and transport mechanisms in membrane filtration.
The developed methodology can significantly advance the design and optimization of water treatment membrane systems.