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First experiments with the negative ion source NIO1.

M Cavenago1, G Serianni2, M De Muri1

  • 1INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL), v.le dell'Università 2, I-35020 Legnaro PD, Italy.

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|March 3, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers optimized the NIO1 negative ion source for fusion energy. Experiments with hydrogen and air showed plasma transitions dependent on radio frequency power and pressure, crucial for future fusion reactors.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Fusion Engineering
  • Plasma Physics
  • Ion Source Technology

Background:

  • Neutral Beam Injectors (NBIs) are critical for DEMO reactors, requiring optimized negative ion sources and multi-beamlet optics.
  • The NIO1 (Negative Ion Optimization 1) source is a compact radio frequency (rf) source designed for ITER NBI test facility support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the NIO1 source status and its plasma experiments.
  • To investigate plasma behavior and transitions in NIO1 using different gases and operational parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Installation and setup of the NIO1 compact rf ion source with a high voltage deck and X-ray shield.
  • Conducting plasma experiments using air and hydrogen as filling gases.
  • Varying radio frequency power and pressure to observe plasma transitions.

Main Results:

  • The NIO1 source achieved 130 mA of H(-) current at 60 kV acceleration voltage.
  • A clear transition from weak to inductively coupled plasma was observed in air, triggered by rf power (>0.5 kW) at low pressure (≤2 Pa).
  • Transition to inductively coupled plasma in hydrogen required higher rf power (>1.5 kW).

Conclusions:

  • The NIO1 source serves as a valuable test bench for negative ion source optimization for fusion applications.
  • Understanding plasma transitions is essential for optimizing NBI performance in future fusion reactors like DEMO.