Pineal Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Concomitant With Pituitary Prolactinoma: Possible Correlation Between 2...

Area of Science:

• Neuro-oncology
• Endocrinology
• Pathology

Background:

• Pineal gland tumors are rare and can present with diverse neurological symptoms.
• Pituitary adenomas, particularly prolactinomas, are common endocrine tumors.
• The simultaneous occurrence of these two distinct tumors is exceptionally uncommon.

Observation:

• A 51-year-old male presented with headaches, nausea, diplopia, and memory loss.
• Clinical examination revealed Parinaud syndrome (impaired upward gaze and convergence).
• MRI showed a pineal mass and an enlarged sella with a coexisting mass, alongside hyperprolactinemia.

Findings:

• Surgical removal of the pineal mass confirmed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
• The lymphoma was secondary to a primary gastric tumor.
• The patient also had a prolactin-producing pituitary adenoma.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of comprehensive evaluation for concurrent pathologies in patients with complex presentations.
• The potential role of hyperprolactinemia in lymphoma progression warrants further investigation.
• Understanding rare tumor co-occurrences can improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.