Prospect and progress of personalized peptide vaccinations for advanced cancers
Shinjiro Sakamoto1,2,3, Masanori Noguchi1, Akira Yamada1
1a Research Center for Innovative Cancer Therapy , Kurume University , Kurume , Japan.
Introduction:
The field of cancer immunotherapy has made dramatic progress in the past 20 years, in part due to the identification of numerous tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). We have developed a novel immunotherapeutic approach called the personalized peptide vaccine (PPV), in which a maximum of four human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched vaccine peptides are selected based on the pre-existing host immunity before vaccination.
Areas Covered:
This review describes recent progress in the use of PPV for various types of advanced cancer.
Expert Opinion:
Although various approaches for therapeutic cancer immunotherapies, including peptide-based vaccines, have been developed and clinically examined, the diverse and heterogeneous characteristics of tumor cells and host immunity seem to limit their therapeutic efficacy. Selection of suitable peptide vaccines for individual patients based on the pre-existing host immunity before vaccination could resolve this limitation and could be a rational approach for developing effective cancer vaccines.
Insights
Personalized peptide vaccines (PPVs) offer a novel approach to cancer immunotherapy by selecting HLA-matched peptides based on pre-existing immunity. This strategy aims to overcome limitations of current cancer vaccines for advanced cancers.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Cancer immunotherapy has advanced significantly due to tumor-associated antigen (TAA) discovery.
- Personalized peptide vaccines (PPVs) represent a novel immunotherapeutic strategy.
- PPVs utilize a maximum of four HLA-matched peptides selected based on pre-existing host immunity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in the application of PPVs for various advanced cancer types.
- To highlight the potential of PPVs in overcoming limitations of current cancer immunotherapies.
Main Methods:
- This review synthesizes recent progress in PPV research and clinical application.
- Focuses on the selection of vaccine peptides tailored to individual host immunity.
Main Results:
- PPVs are being investigated for diverse advanced cancer types.
- The selection of peptides based on pre-existing immunity is a key aspect of PPV development.
Conclusions:
- Tumor cell heterogeneity and immune variability can limit the efficacy of conventional cancer immunotherapies.
- Tailoring peptide vaccines to individual host immunity presents a rational approach for developing effective cancer vaccines.
- PPVs hold promise for improving therapeutic outcomes in cancer treatment.
More Related Videos
07:33Preparation, Characteristics, Toxicity, and Efficacy Evaluation of the Nasal Self-Assembled Nanoemulsion Tumor Vaccine In Vitro and In Vivo
Published on: September 28, 2022
12:42Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
Published on: January 7, 2019
Related Concept Videos
01:30Cancer Vaccines
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
02:50Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
01:51Vaccinations