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Calcium translocation by Golgi and lateral-basal membrane vesicles from rat intestine: decrease in vitamin

R A Freedman, M M Weiser, K J Isselbacher

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |August 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The Golgi apparatus plays a key role in intestinal calcium (Ca2+) absorption. Vitamin D deficiency significantly impairs this Ca2+ transport process in the Golgi membranes.

    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Nutritional Science

    Background:

    • Intestinal calcium absorption is crucial for maintaining calcium homeostasis.
    • The precise cellular mechanisms and locations of calcium transport within intestinal cells are not fully elucidated.
    • Vitamin D is known to influence calcium absorption, but its specific role in intracellular transport pathways requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of Golgi membranes in intestinal calcium (Ca2+) transport.
    • To determine if vitamin D status affects Ca2+ translocation in intestinal membrane vesicles.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation of membrane vesicles from rat intestinal microvillus, Golgi, and lateral-basal domains.
    • Measurement of Ca2+ uptake using the radioisotope 45Ca2+ in these vesicles.

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  • Comparison of Ca2+ uptake rates and levels in vitamin D-sufficient versus vitamin D-deficient rats.

    • Main Results:

    • Golgi membranes exhibited the highest rate and equilibrium level of Ca2+ uptake compared to other membrane preparations.
    • Approximately 90% of Ca2+ uptake into Golgi vesicles occurred within an osmotically responsive space, indicating translocation.
    • Vitamin D deficiency markedly reduced both the rate and extent of Ca2+ uptake in Golgi membranes.

    Conclusions:

    • The Golgi apparatus is significantly involved in the process of intestinal calcium translocation.
    • Vitamin D plays a critical role in regulating Ca2+ transport mechanisms within intestinal Golgi membranes.
    • These findings suggest a novel role for the Golgi apparatus in the overall absorption of calcium in the intestine.