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Cochlear Implants in Elderly People: Preliminary Results.

Olivier Sterkers1,2,3, Isabelle Mosnier1,2,3, Emmanuelle Ambert-Dahan1

  • 1a From the Service d'ORL, Hôpital Beaujon, AP-HP, Clichy, France.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica
|March 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Cochlear implantation significantly improves speech perception in adults over 60 with severe hearing loss. Elderly patients, including those over 70, benefit as much as younger individuals.

Keywords:
cochlear implantelderly people

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss affects the elderly population.
  • Cochlear implantation is an established treatment for hearing loss.
  • Limited data exists on cochlear implant benefits in adults aged 60 and over.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of cochlear implantation in patients aged 60 years and older.
  • To assess speech perception improvements following cochlear implantation in the elderly.
  • To compare outcomes in patients over 70 with those younger than 70.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 28 patients (aged >60) who received cochlear implants between 1991 and 2001.
  • Speech perception was assessed using disyllabic words and sentence scores before and after implantation.
  • Patient age, follow-up duration (median 22.5 months), and adverse events were recorded.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvement in disyllabic word and sentence scores was observed post-implantation.
  • Patients over 70 years old achieved comparable speech perception results to younger patients.
  • The surgical procedure was generally well-tolerated, with one case of postoperative vertigo due to perilymphatic fistula.

Conclusions:

  • Cochlear implantation provides significant speech perception benefits for the elderly population, similar to younger individuals.
  • Careful pre-operative assessment of physical status is crucial for evaluating the risk-benefit ratio in older adults.
  • Cochlear implantation is a viable option for improving quality of life in elderly patients with profound hearing loss.