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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

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Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Component-resolved diagnosis in anaphylaxis.

Victoria Cardona1, Ignacio J Ansotegui

  • 1aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Allergy Section, Allergy Research Group, Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona bDepartment of Allergy and Immunology, Hospital Quirón Bizkaia, Carretera de Leioa-Unbe, Erandio, Bizkaia, Spain.

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|March 6, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Component-resolved diagnosis (CRD) refines anaphylaxis diagnosis by identifying specific allergens. This advanced tool assesses severity risk and cross-reactivity, guiding better clinical management strategies for patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Component-resolved diagnosis (CRD) offers advanced insights into allergic reactions.
  • It aids in pinpointing causal allergens, assessing severity risk, and predicting cross-reactivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the advantages of CRD in the clinical practice of anaphylaxis.
  • To highlight how CRD guides management measures for allergic reactions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research on CRD in anaphylaxis.
  • Analysis of specific molecules associated with sensitization and severity.

Main Results:

  • CRD identifies molecules linked to genuine sensitization and severity risk in various allergies (e.g., Hymenoptera venom, food, latex, Anisakis).
  • It distinguishes clinically relevant sensitizations from cross-reactivity or mild reactions.
  • Emerging minor allergens are identified as potential severity biomarkers.

Conclusions:

  • CRD is invaluable in anaphylaxis management.
  • It enhances recognition of sensitization profiles linked to clinical outcomes.
  • CRD provides crucial information for guiding patient management effectively.