Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Acute Respiratory Failure-I01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-I

1.4K
Acute respiratory failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to perform their primary function: gas exchange. This failure leads to insufficient oxygen levels (hypoxemia) in the blood, elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), or both, causing critical impairment in organ function.
Definition: It is defined by specific criteria based on blood gas measurements. Hypoxemia happens when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) falls below 60 mmHg. At the same time,...
1.4K
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

256
In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
256
Acute Respiratory Failure-V01:29

Acute Respiratory Failure-V

628
The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
628
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

333
Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
333
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

1.5K
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
1.5K
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

1.2K
Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Can Follow-up Liver Biopsies With Subsequent Protocolized Immunosuppression Intensification Reverse Long-term Rejection and Fibrosis After Pediatric Liver Transplantation?

Transplantation·2026
Same author

Liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis in children versus young adults.

Surgery·2026
Same author

Contemporary outcomes of isolated liver and combined liver-lung transplantation for cystic fibrosis in children.

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition·2026
Same author

Use of Machine Perfusion in Pediatric Liver Transplantation.

Pediatric transplantation·2025
Same author

Author Correction: Towards a reference cell atlas of liver diversity over the human lifespan.

Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology·2025
Same author

Towards a reference cell atlas of liver diversity over the human lifespan.

Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen
09:44

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen

Published on: November 27, 2019

11.2K

Neonatal acute liver failure.

Sarah A Taylor1, Peter F Whitington1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.

Liver Transplantation : Official Publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society
|March 7, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Neonatal acute liver failure (NALF) is a rare but critical condition distinct from adult cases. Gestational alloimmune liver disease (GALD) is its most frequent cause, requiring specific diagnostic and treatment approaches.

More Related Videos

Partial Lobular Hepatectomy: A Surgical Model for Morphologic Liver Regeneration
05:37

Partial Lobular Hepatectomy: A Surgical Model for Morphologic Liver Regeneration

Published on: May 31, 2018

12.9K
Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs
08:58

Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs

Published on: October 31, 2025

806

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen
09:44

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen

Published on: November 27, 2019

11.2K
Partial Lobular Hepatectomy: A Surgical Model for Morphologic Liver Regeneration
05:37

Partial Lobular Hepatectomy: A Surgical Model for Morphologic Liver Regeneration

Published on: May 31, 2018

12.9K
Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs
08:58

Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs

Published on: October 31, 2025

806

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Neonatal acute liver failure (NALF) is a rare condition with limited data.
  • NALF differs significantly from acute liver failure in older children and adults.
  • It can present with cirrhosis due to fetal-neonatal liver disease continuum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the distinguishing features of NALF.
  • To focus on common etiologies, particularly gestational alloimmune liver disease (GALD).
  • To provide insights into NALF pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of NALF.
  • Analysis of distinguishing features compared to adult and pediatric acute liver failure.
  • Focus on GALD as the primary etiology.

Main Results:

  • NALF has unique mechanisms, diagnostic principles, and etiologies.
  • Gestational alloimmune liver disease (GALD) is the most common cause of NALF.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for management.

Conclusions:

  • NALF is a distinct clinical entity requiring specialized consideration.
  • GALD is a key focus for understanding and managing NALF.
  • Further research into pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment is warranted.