Generalized Low-Temperature Fabrication of Scalable Multi-Type Two-Dimensional Nanosheets with a Green Soft Template

Two-dimensional nanosheets with high specific surface areas and fascinating physical and chemical properties have attracted tremendous interests because of their promising potentials in both fundamental research and practical applications. However, the problem of developing a universal strategy with a facile and cost-effective synthesis process for multi-type ultrathin 2 D nanostructures remains unresolved. Herein, we report a generalized low-temperature fabrication of scalable multi-type 2 D nanosheets including metal hydroxides (such as Ni(OH)2, Co(OH)2, Cd(OH)2, and Mg(OH)2), metal oxides (such as ZnO and Mn3O4), and layered mixed transition-metal hydroxides (Ni-Co LDH, Ni-Fe LDH, Co-Fe LDH, and Ni-Co-Fe layered ternary hydroxides) through the rational employment of a green soft-template. The synthesized crystalline inorganic nanosheets possess confined thickness, resulting in ultrahigh surface atom ratios and chemically reactive facets. Upon evaluation as electrode materials for pseudocapacitors, the Ni-Co LDH nanosheets exhibit a high specific capacitance of 1087 F g(-1) at a current density of 1 A g(-1), and excellent stability, with 103% retention after 500 cycles. This strategy is facile and scalable for the production of high-quality ultrathin crystalline inorganic nanosheets, with the possibility of extension to the preparation of other complex nanosheets.