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Mesoporous Few-Layer Graphene Platform for Affinity Biosensing Application.

Md Azahar Ali1, Chandan Singh2, Kunal Mondal1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur 208016, India.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|March 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel biosensor using anti-apolipoprotein B 100 (AAB) functionalized reduced graphene oxide-nickel oxide (rGO-NiO) nanocomposite detects low-density lipoprotein (LDL). This highly sensitive platform offers reproducible and selective LDL molecule analysis.

Keywords:
impedance spectroscopylabel-freelow density lipoproteinmesoporositynickel oxide nanoparticlesreduce graphene oxide

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels are critical biomarkers for cardiovascular disease risk.
  • Accurate and sensitive detection of LDL is essential for early diagnosis and management.
  • Existing detection methods may lack sensitivity, reproducibility, or selectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a label-free, highly reproducible, sensitive, and selective biosensor for LDL detection.
  • To utilize a mesoporous reduced graphene oxide and nickel oxide (rGO-NiO) nanocomposite functionalized with anti-apolipoprotein B 100 (AAB).

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of mesoporous rGO-NiO composite on an indium tin oxide electrode via electrophoretic deposition.
  • Surface conjugation of AAB antibodies using EDC-NHS coupling chemistry for enhanced stability.
  • Characterization using Raman mapping, electron microscopy, XRD, BET, and FTIR spectroscopy.
  • Evaluation of performance using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • The rGO-NiO nanocomposite exhibited a predominantly mesoporous structure.
  • Successful bioconjugation of AAB with the rGO-NiO matrix was confirmed.
  • The biosensor demonstrated excellent sensitivity (510 Ω (mg/dL)⁻¹ cm⁻²) and a detection limit of 5 mg/dL for LDL.
  • A wide detection range of 0-130 mg/dL for LDL molecules was achieved.

Conclusions:

  • The developed rGO-NiO nanocomposite-based biosensor is a highly sensitive and stable platform for LDL detection.
  • The biosensor exhibits excellent reproducibility and selectivity, making it suitable for clinical applications.
  • This platform holds potential for the analysis of other antigen-antibody interactions and biomolecules.