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Lipid deposition at the limbus.

S M Crispin1

  • 1School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford.

Eye (London, England)
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Lipid deposition in the cornea, such as corneal arcus, is linked to high or low lipoprotein levels. These conditions affect lipid accumulation and clearance in the eye, influenced by various factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Lipid deposition at the limbus is observed in dyslipoproteinemias and sometimes without systemic abnormalities.
  • Bilateral corneal arcus is common in hyperlipoproteinemia (especially type II), less so in types III, IV, and V.
  • Corneal opacification occurs in HDL deficiency and LCAT deficiency syndromes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between lipid deposition in the cornea and various dyslipoproteinemia types.
  • To differentiate mechanisms of lipid accumulation in hyper- versus hypolipoproteinemia.
  • To acknowledge the influence of secondary factors on corneal lipid deposition.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of dyslipoproteinemia and associated ocular findings.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations linking corneal arcus and opacification to specific lipid disorders.
  • Consideration of pathophysiological mechanisms of lipid transport and clearance in the cornea.

Main Results:

  • Hyperlipoproteinemia, particularly type II, frequently presents with corneal arcus.
  • HDL deficiency and LCAT deficiency are associated with diffuse corneal opacification.
  • Lipid accumulation in hyperlipoproteinemia may result from excessive plasma lipoprotein insudation.
  • Lipid issues in hypolipoproteinemia likely stem from impaired lipid clearance.

Conclusions:

  • Corneal lipid deposition is a significant indicator of underlying lipoprotein abnormalities.
  • Mechanisms of corneal lipid accumulation differ between hyper- and hypolipoproteinemia.
  • Ocular manifestations of dyslipoproteinemia are complex and influenced by systemic and local factors.

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