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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Roughness Impact of Piezoelectric Dental Scaler on Two Distinct Flowable Composite Filling Materials

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Influence of composite insertion technique on gap formation.

Neha Kapoor¹, Nikhil Bahuguna¹, Surbhi Anand¹

¹Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Journal of Conservative Dentistry : JCD

|March 10, 2016

Summary

Newer bulk-fill composites demonstrated superior adaptability and reduced gap formation compared to traditional incremental composites. This finding suggests improved performance for bulk-fill materials in dental restorations.

Keywords:

Adaptability bulk-fill composites gap formation incrementally filled composites

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Area of Science:

Restorative Dentistry
Dental Materials Science

Background:

Dental restorations require excellent adaptation to tooth structure to prevent secondary caries.
Incremental composite placement is technique-sensitive and can lead to voids.
Bulk-fill composites offer a simplified placement technique.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the adaptability and gap formation of newer bulk-fill composites versus an incrementally filled composite.
To evaluate the performance of Smart Dentin Replacement (SDR), SonicFill, and Ever X Flow against Z350 XT at the pulpal floor.

Main Methods:

Class I cavities in 60 molars were restored with SDR, SonicFill, Ever X Flow, or Z350 XT (n=15 per group).
Samples underwent thermocycling, sectioning, and examination under a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope.
Gap formation was assessed after vital staining and SEM analysis; data analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni tests.

Main Results:

Smart Dentin Replacement (SDR) exhibited significantly better adaptability than SonicFill and Ever X Flow.
The incrementally filled Z350 XT showed the least adaptive capacity.
Bulk-fill composites generally demonstrated superior adaptation at the pulpal floor.

Conclusions:

Bulk-fill composites offer better adaptability and reduced gap formation compared to incremental composites.
The findings support the use of bulk-fill materials for improved clinical outcomes in posterior restorations.