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Wheelchair seating: A study on the healthy elderly.

Marina Timm1, Kersti Samuelsson2

  • 1a Assistive Technology Center , Region Västra Götaland , Skövde , Sweden ;

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|March 10, 2016
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Summary

Wheelchair cushions significantly impact pelvic rotation and interface pressure in elderly users, but do not affect respiratory function. Proper cushion selection is vital for postural support and preventing complications in manual wheelchair users.

Keywords:
Enabling occupationpressure mappingpreventionseating posture

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Rehabilitation Engineering
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Manual wheelchairs are essential for mobility in frail elderly and disabled individuals.
  • Appropriate wheelchair cushions are critical for postural support and complication prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of two seat cushions on pelvic rotation, respiratory function, and interface pressure.
  • To compare these effects across two different manual wheelchair models.

Main Methods:

  • Forty healthy elderly participants (67-85 years) were involved.
  • Interface pressure, pelvic position, and respiratory function were measured using specialized equipment.
  • Two common manual wheelchairs and two cushion types were tested.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in interface pressure and pelvic rotation were observed between cushion types and wheelchairs.
  • A positioning cushion increased peak interface pressure compared to a standard cushion.
  • Posterior pelvic tilt varied depending on the cushion and wheelchair combination; respiratory function remained unaffected.

Conclusions:

  • The study underscores the necessity of comprehensive evaluation for wheelchair interventions.
  • Careful consideration of wheelchair and cushion interactions is crucial for optimizing outcomes in the elderly and disabled.