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Effects of Ischemic Reperfusion Injury and Remote Conditioning on Passive Leg Raising-Induced Brachial-Artery
Manasi Bapat1, Bhawna Sharma, Andrew Persits
1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Brooklyn, N.Y., USA.
Objectives:
Passive leg raising (PLR) has been proposed to assess arterial vasodilator reserve and possibly endothelial function. Since endothelial function is sensitive to ischemic-reperfusion (I-R) injury, we determined the effects of I-R injury and ischemic conditioning on PLR-induced brachial-artery dilation (BAD), i.e. PLR-BAD.
Methods:
We induced PLR-BAD before and after ipsilateral arm I-R injury (7.5 min of occlusion) in 20 healthy males aged 29 ± 6 years. The protocol was repeated in combination with remote conditioning stimuli (3 × 30 s of contralateral arm occlusions).
Results:
PLR resulted in significant BAD (3.85%, p < 0.001) before but not after prolonged ischemia (0.25%, p = 0.38). I-R injury, along with either preischemic or postischemic conditioning restored the PLR-BAD response (before: 3.11%, p < 0.001 and after: 3.74%, p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
I-R injury blunts the BAD induced by PLR. Remote pre- and postconditioning restore this response. These findings are similar to those previously reported using hyperemia and ultrasound to assess BAD.
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