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Related Concept Videos

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not necessarily...
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Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation. For...
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Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents

Antipsychotic drugs are classified into first-generation (typical) drugs including phenothiazines; and second-generation (atypical) drugs. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride (Thorazine), a phenothiazine derivative, broadly impacts the central, autonomic, and endocrine systems. This drug, along with typical agents like haloperidol (Haldol), primarily works by antagonizing D2 receptors, thus reducing dopaminergic neurotransmission. However, typical antipsychotics can cause side effects such as sedation...
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The elimination half-life and drug clearance of drugs following nonlinear kinetics can vary with dosage. The Michaelis-Menten parameters and drug concentration influence these factors. As the dose increases, the elimination half-life tends to lengthen, resulting in a reduction in clearance and a disproportionately larger area under the curve. The total clearance can be derived from the Michaelis-Menten equation for drugs following a one-compartment model.
A study on guinea pigs examined the...
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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Drug Therapy

The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
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Behavioral Disturbances: An Innovative Approach to Monitor the Modulatory Effects of a Nutraceutical Diet
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Published on: January 3, 2017

Psychofarmakologika XIII.

J Quak, J Korf

    Acta Neuropsychiatrica
    |March 12, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    This section reviews recent psychopharmacology observations and literature, focusing on clinically relevant topics and questioning illogical practices in treatment and research.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychopharmacology
    • Clinical Neuroscience
    • Psychiatric Research

    Background:

    • This section aims to discuss recent observations in psychopharmacology.
    • It will often draw from existing literature to inform its points.
    • The focus is on topics with clear clinical relevance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To critically examine current practices and habits in psychopharmacological treatment and research.
    • To highlight and question illogical or outdated approaches.
    • To foster discussion and engagement within the scientific community.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review and analysis of current psychopharmacological practices.
    • Critical evaluation of established treatment and research methodologies.

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  • Encouraging reader interaction and sharing of experiences.
  • Main Results:

    • Identification of clinically relevant observations in psychopharmacology.
    • Highlighting of questionable or illogical habits in treatment and research.
    • Stimulation of dialogue through calls for response and reader contributions.

    Conclusions:

    • The section serves as a platform for critical discussion on psychopharmacology.
    • It emphasizes the importance of clinical relevance and logical practices.
    • It encourages a collaborative approach to advancing the field.