Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Panic Disorder01:27

Panic Disorder

1.0K
Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
1.0K
Behavior Therapy01:22

Behavior Therapy

919
Behavior therapy incorporates diverse techniques rooted in classical conditioning principles to address maladaptive behaviors and anxiety disorders. These methods aim to reduce avoidance behaviors, foster adaptive coping mechanisms, and alter associations between stimuli and responses, making them effective in a wide range of therapeutic contexts.
Exposure therapy is a cornerstone of behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders. It involves systematic exposure to feared stimuli, either in real...
919
Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders01:24

Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders

901
Treatment approaches for psychological disorders fall into three main categories: psychological, biological, and sociocultural. Each approach targets different aspects of mental health, requiring varying levels of education and training.
Psychological therapies focus on modifying emotions, thoughts, and behaviors through talking, interpreting, listening, rewarding, challenging, and modeling. Clinical psychologists, counselors, and social workers commonly practice psychotherapy. Clinical...
901
Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

660
Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
660
Coping Strategies: Problem Focused01:27

Coping Strategies: Problem Focused

653
Coping strategies are methods people use to manage, tolerate, or reduce the effects of stressors. These strategies involve both behavioral and psychological actions to handle stressful situations. One common approach is problem-focused coping, which aims to change or eliminate the source of stress rather than merely addressing its consequences. This method involves taking direct action to resolve the issue causing stress.
For example, consider a student who struggles to understand their...
653
Coping Strategies: Emotion Focused01:20

Coping Strategies: Emotion Focused

718
Emotion-focused coping refers to a set of strategies aimed at managing the emotional impact of stressors, rather than directly addressing their causes. This approach involves altering one's emotional response to stressful situations to reduce their psychological effects. For example, individuals might talk with a friend or engage in activities like journaling to express their feelings. Such actions can help achieve emotional clarity or release, providing the psychological stability needed...
718

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sensory alterations and immunological changes during the chronification of postsurgical pain: a study protocol for a prospective observational cohort study.

BMJ open·2025
Same author

Primary intra-articular epithelioid sarcoma of the knee: Unusual presentation of a rare entity.

Journal of orthopaedics·2018
Same author

Panic disorder and depression: relationship between psychological and biochemical aspects.

Acta neuropsychiatrica·2016
Same author

Neuropsychiatrie aspects of HIV infection.

Acta neuropsychiatrica·2016
Same author

Norharman and anxiety disorders.

Acta neuropsychiatrica·2016
Same author

Thyroid function and psychiatric disorders.

Acta neuropsychiatrica·2016

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 24, 2026

MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder
08:20

MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder

Published on: August 11, 2015

14.8K

Treatmentstrategies in refractory panic disorder.

L Timmerman

    Acta Neuropsychiatrica
    |March 12, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    Many patients with panic disorder do not respond to initial treatments. This study proposes a five-step protocol for refractory cases, emphasizing a trial of monoamine oxidase inhibitors before considering patients untreatable.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry
    • Clinical Psychology

    Background:

    • A significant percentage of patients (25-30%) with panic disorder exhibit resistance to first-line treatments like antidepressants and psychotherapy.
    • Identifying and effectively treating refractory panic disorder is a critical clinical challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To discuss augmentation and combination strategies for managing treatment-resistant panic disorder.
    • To propose a structured five-step protocol for the management of refractory panic disorder.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing augmentation and combination treatment strategies for panic disorder.
    • Development and presentation of a novel five-step treatment protocol for refractory cases.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed protocol aims to systematically address treatment resistance in panic disorder.

    More Related Videos

    Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker
    08:32

    Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker

    Published on: December 18, 2014

    23.5K
    Protocol for Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with Symptom Provocation to Treat Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
    11:17

    Protocol for Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with Symptom Provocation to Treat Obsessive-compulsive Disorder

    Published on: November 25, 2025

    690

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Mar 24, 2026

    MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder
    08:20

    MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder

    Published on: August 11, 2015

    14.8K
    Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker
    08:32

    Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker

    Published on: December 18, 2014

    23.5K
    Protocol for Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with Symptom Provocation to Treat Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
    11:17

    Protocol for Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with Symptom Provocation to Treat Obsessive-compulsive Disorder

    Published on: November 25, 2025

    690
  • It emphasizes that patients should not be deemed refractory until a trial of monoamine oxidase inhibitors has been completed.

    • Conclusions:

    • A standardized approach is needed for patients with panic disorder who are refractory to initial therapies.
    • The proposed five-step protocol offers a structured pathway for optimizing treatment outcomes in this patient population.