Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

34
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
34
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

16
Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
16
Human Virome01:26

Human Virome

32
The human body harbors a vast and diverse viral community known as the human virome. The virome includes bacteriophages that infect bacteria, and eukaryotic viruses that infect human cells. Transient dietary and environmental viruses also contribute to this dynamic ecosystem. Estimates suggest the human body may contain on the order of 10¹³ viral particles, though abundance varies widely by body site and detection method.Comprehensive characterization of the virome has become possible...
32
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

256
In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
256
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

1.2K
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of aetiology and liver stiffness on thrombin generation in compensated cirrhosis.

Thrombosis research·2026
Same author

Fluorescent virus lights up on a new drug for chronic hepatitis E.

Gut·2026
Same author

Preformed donor-specific antibodies are associated with acute rejection and biliary complications after liver transplantation: A Swiss Transplant Cohort Study analysis.

Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society·2026
Same author

[GLP-1 agonists : indications and pancreatic and endoscopic safety considerations].

Revue medicale suisse·2026
Same author

Identification of 3-cyanoquinolines as broad-spectrum inhibitors of Monkeypox virus and other sexually transmitted pathogens.

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie·2026
Same author

[Hepatitis A-E: the essentials].

Revue medicale suisse·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 24, 2026

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
10:28

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

10.4K

Update on hepatitis E virology: Implications for clinical practice.

Yannick Debing1, Darius Moradpour2, Johan Neyts1

  • 1Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Belgium.

Journal of Hepatology
|March 12, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes self-limiting infections but can lead to chronic hepatitis in immunocompromised individuals. New treatments are needed as current therapies sometimes fail, and HEV can cause neurological complications.

Keywords:
AntiviralsChronic hepatitisPositive-strand RNA virusTissue tropismZoonotic infection

More Related Videos

Detection of Low Copy Number Integrated Viral DNA Formed by In Vitro Hepatitis B Infection
11:14

Detection of Low Copy Number Integrated Viral DNA Formed by In Vitro Hepatitis B Infection

Published on: November 7, 2018

19.0K
Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells
09:02

Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells

Published on: June 5, 2020

8.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 24, 2026

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
10:28

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

10.4K
Detection of Low Copy Number Integrated Viral DNA Formed by In Vitro Hepatitis B Infection
11:14

Detection of Low Copy Number Integrated Viral DNA Formed by In Vitro Hepatitis B Infection

Published on: November 7, 2018

19.0K
Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells
09:02

Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells

Published on: June 5, 2020

8.0K

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a positive-strand RNA virus transmitted via the fecal-oral route.
  • HEV has a 7.2kb genome encoding three open reading frames (ORFs) for viral replication, capsid formation, and particle secretion.
  • While non-enveloped in feces, HEV circulates in blood within cellular membranes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the biology of Hepatitis E virus.
  • To highlight the need for alternative treatment options for chronic HEV infection.
  • To underscore the importance of understanding HEV biology for improved disease control.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on HEV biology, transmission, and clinical manifestations.
  • Analysis of HEV genome structure and protein functions.
  • Discussion of current treatment strategies and their limitations.

Main Results:

  • HEV genotypes 1 and 2 cause human waterborne outbreaks; genotypes 3 and 4 are zoonotic.
  • HEV infection is typically self-limiting but can become chronic in immunocompromised patients.
  • Extrahepatic manifestations, particularly neurological complications, can occur.

Conclusions:

  • Current treatments like reduced immunosuppression or ribavirin are not always effective for chronic HEV.
  • Further research into HEV biology is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Enhanced understanding will aid in better control and management of Hepatitis E infection.