Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 24, 2026
07:03
Standardized Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis in Rats - a Simple, Feasible Animal Model to Induce Septic Acute Kidney Injury
Published on: February 15, 2022
1.8K
Structure and Function of the Kidney in Septic Shock. A Prospective Controlled Experimental Study
Matthew J Maiden1,2, Sophia Otto3, John K Brealey3
11 Intensive Care Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|March 12, 2016
Summary
Septic shock causes acute kidney injury (AKI) without significant changes in renal blood flow or kidney structure. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind septic AKI.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Critical Care Medicine
- Pathology
Background:
- Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in intensive care units.
- The precise mechanisms linking septic shock to AKI, particularly concerning renal histological changes, remain poorly understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the temporal relationship between septic shock and acute kidney injury in an ovine model.
- To assess changes in renal structure and function during septic shock using histological and physiological parameters.
Main Methods:
- An ovine model of septic shock was established using intravenous Escherichia coli infusion.
- Renal function was monitored via blood flow measurements, serum creatinine, and creatinine clearance.
- Renal biopsies were collected serially for light and electron microscopy to evaluate histological changes.
Main Results:
- Septic sheep developed AKI, characterized by oliguria, increased serum creatinine, and reduced creatinine clearance.
- No significant differences in renal blood flow or oxygen consumption were observed between septic and control groups.
- Histological examination revealed minimal structural damage, with mesangial expansion being the only significant difference observed via electron microscopy.
Conclusions:
- Early AKI in this ovine model of septic shock was not associated with alterations in renal blood flow, oxygen delivery, or histological appearance.
- These findings suggest that mechanisms beyond hemodynamic and structural changes contribute to the development of septic AKI.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care
455
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
455
01:22Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction
1.2K
Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
1.2K
01:29Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology
1.8K
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
1.8K
01:22Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management
659
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...
659
01:45Kidney Structure
76.4K
The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.
76.4K
01:30Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
469
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
469