Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 24, 2026
06:12
Author Spotlight: THP-1 Macrophage Response to LPS/ATP — Unveiling the Pyroptosis, Apoptosis, and Necroptosis Spectrum
Published on: May 3, 2024
3.7K
Emerging roles for lipids in non-apoptotic cell death.
L Magtanong1, P J Ko1, S J Dixon1
1Department of Biology, Stanford University, 337 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, USA.
Cell Death and Differentiation
|March 12, 2016
Summary
Lipids are crucial in non-apoptotic regulated cell death (RCD) pathways like necroptosis and ferroptosis. Understanding lipid roles and metabolism may lead to new therapies targeting these cell death mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Cellular Biology
- Biochemistry
- Pathology
Background:
- Non-apoptotic regulated cell death (RCD) is vital for homeostasis but can be dysregulated in disease.
- Lipids play increasingly recognized roles in diverse RCD pathways.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the critical roles of lipids in initiating and executing non-apoptotic RCD.
- To discuss emerging technologies for studying lipid involvement in RCD.
- To explore therapeutic potential targeting lipid metabolism in RCD.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of non-apoptotic RCD pathways.
- Analysis of lipid involvement in necroptosis and ferroptosis.
- Discussion of advanced technologies for lipid and RCD research.
Main Results:
- Lipids are key mediators in pathways such as necroptosis (via MLKL interaction) and ferroptosis (via PUFA oxidation and GPX4 inactivation).
- New technologies offer sophisticated methods to investigate lipid roles in RCD.
- Targeting lipid metabolism presents a promising therapeutic avenue.
Conclusions:
- Lipids are fundamental to the mechanisms of non-apoptotic RCD.
- Advanced lipidomic and metabolic studies are crucial for deeper understanding.
- Therapeutic strategies modulating lipid metabolism could offer novel treatments for diseases involving RCD.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Overview of Cell Death
11.0K
Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
11.0K
01:17The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
9.2K
The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated when extracellular death-inducing signals, such as specific cytokines, activate the death receptors expressed on the cell surface. The immune cells involved in this pathway are natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. NK cells are critical in innate immune response, while cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are associated with adaptive immune response. These cells recognize specific receptors expressed on the altered cells and activate...
9.2K
01:31The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
9.1K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
9.1K
01:17Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells
5.5K
Cells undergoing apoptosis form apoptotic bodies that must be removed immediately to prevent inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and necrosis. Phagocytosis is carried out by professional phagocytes such as macrophages or immature dendritic cells. Non-professional phagocytes such as epithelial cells and fibroblasts also take part in this process; however, they are not as effective as professional phagocytes.
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized...
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized...
5.5K
01:30Apoptosis
16.8K
Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size...
16.8K
01:16Necrosis
7.2K
Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
7.2K