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Multimodal 3D Printing of Phantoms to Simulate Biological Tissue
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Multimodal 3D cancer-mimicking optical phantom.

Gennifer T Smith1, Kristen L Lurie1, Dimitar V Zlatev2

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Biomedical Optics Express
|March 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel 3D organ phantom using Dragon Skin material and air-brushing. This realistic phantom aids in testing optical imaging systems and evaluating endoscopic tools for bladder cancer detection.

Keywords:
(110.4500) Optical coherence tomography(160.4760) Optical properties(170.3880) Medical and biological imaging(170.7230) Urology

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Three-dimensional (3D) organ-mimicking phantoms are crucial for testing optical imaging systems and algorithms before clinical validation.
  • Realistic phantoms are needed to evaluate new probe designs and diagnostic technologies in simulated tissue environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and characterize a new material (Dragon Skin) and fabrication technique (air-brushing) for creating 3D organ phantoms.
  • To fabricate the first 3D, hollow bladder phantom with realistic normal and pathological features for endoscopic imaging evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Dragon Skin silicone and an air-brushing technique for phantom fabrication.
  • Developed a 3D hollow bladder phantom incorporating normal and multi-stage diseased tissue features.
  • Tested the phantom's utility with white light cystoscopy (WLC), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and blue light cystoscopy (BLC).

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated a 3D bladder phantom mimicking real organ appearance under multiple imaging modalities.
  • Demonstrated the phantom's capability to represent various pathologies, from inflammation to high-grade cancerous lesions.
  • Validated the phantom's suitability for evaluating endoscopic detection techniques aimed at improving bladder cancer diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Dragon Skin material and air-brushing offer a flexible and effective method for creating realistic 3D organ phantoms.
  • These phantoms serve as valuable tools for trainee education and the evaluation of new endoscopic instrumentation.
  • The developed bladder phantom can advance the assessment of imaging technologies for enhanced bladder cancer detection.