Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Capitellum: Diagnosis and Treatment

Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the capitellum is an articular cartilage lesion commonly affecting young adolescents. The exact mechanism for the development of these lesions is still uncertain; however, both traumatic and vascular etiologies have been described. Careful physical examination in conjunction with appropriate diagnostic studies helps the surgeon to classify these lesions as stable or unstable and leads to proper management. There is a diverse array of treatments available for OCD lesions of the capitellum, including fragment excision or fixation, bone marrow stimulation, and osteochondral autograft transplantation. This review helps the orthopaedic surgeon understand the diagnosis and management options available for OCD lesions of the capitellum.