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Role of Pharmacogenomics in Kidney Disease and Injury

Linda Awdishu1, Melanie S Joy1

  • 1Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA; Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO; and Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.

Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease
|March 17, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Genetic factors influence kidney diseases, but drug effects vary. Understanding pharmacogenetics is key to personalized treatments and preventing drug-induced kidney injury.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Clinical Pharmacology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Genetic discoveries are advancing kidney disease research.
  • Personalized medicine in kidney disease faces challenges due to unpredictable drug pharmacokinetics and potential toxicities like kidney injury.
  • Variability in drug disposition is influenced by patient and disease factors, alongside pharmacogenetics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pharmacogenetics of drugs and biologics for glomerular kidney diseases.
  • To examine drugs known to cause kidney injury phenotypes.
  • To highlight the importance of renal clinical pharmacology for treatment personalization and preventing drug-induced kidney injury.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pharmacogenetic studies.
  • Analysis of drug and biologic treatments for glomerular diseases.
  • Examination of drug-induced kidney injury mechanisms and phenotypes.

Main Results:

  • Pharmacogenetics significantly impacts drug disposition and efficacy in kidney diseases.
  • Certain drugs and biologics used in glomerular diseases have known pharmacogenetic associations.
  • A range of medications can precipitate kidney injury, with varying genetic predispositions.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating pharmacogenetics into clinical practice is essential for optimizing kidney disease treatment.
  • Personalized therapeutic strategies can mitigate risks associated with drug disposition variability.
  • Further research in renal clinical pharmacology is crucial to avoid drug- and biologic-induced kidney injury.
Keywords:
Acute kidney diseaseCKDPharmacogeneticPharmacogenomics

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