Odontogenic ghost cell carcinoma with pulmonary metastasis

Area of Science:

• Oral pathology
• Oncology
• Head and neck cancer

Background:

• Odontogenic ghost cell carcinoma (OGCC) is an exceptionally rare malignant odontogenic epithelial tumor.
• Characterized by ameloblastic-like epithelial islands with ghost cells and dysplastic dentin.
• Malignant features include infiltration, pleomorphism, mitosis, and necrosis.

Observation:

• A 54-year-old male presented with a tender malar swelling.
• Histopathology confirmed OGCC; patient received radiotherapy.
• Two years post-treatment, a lung mass developed with identical morphology.

Findings:

• The lung lesion biopsy confirmed metastatic OGCC.
• This case demonstrates the aggressive behavior and metastatic potential of OGCC.
• Distant metastasis in OGCC is exceedingly rare, with only three prior reports.

Implications:

• This case underscores the aggressive nature of OGCC.
• Highlights the potential for distant metastasis, even after treatment.
• Emphasizes the critical need for long-term patient follow-up for early detection of recurrence or metastasis.