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Wasp sting-induced acute kidney injury
Jeyachandran Dhanapriya1, Thanigachalam Dineshkumar1, Ramanathan Sakthirajan1
1Department of Nephrology , Madras Medical College and Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital , Chennai , India.
Clinical Kidney Journal
|March 18, 2016
Summary
Wasp stings can cause acute kidney injury (AKI) primarily due to rhabdomyolysis. Early biopsy and treatment, including dialysis and steroids for acute interstitial nephritis, improve kidney survival.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Toxicology
- Tropical Medicine
Background:
- Wasp stings are a frequent cause of envenomation in tropical regions, particularly affecting farmers.
- Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant complication of severe wasp stings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To document the clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes of patients with AKI following multiple wasp stings.
- To identify risk factors and effective management strategies for wasp sting-induced AKI.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective observational study was conducted on 11 patients with multiple wasp stings and AKI.
- Data collected included clinical features, laboratory results, treatment interventions, and patient outcomes.
Main Results:
- All 11 patients presented with evidence of rhabdomyolysis; three also had hemolysis.
- Ten patients required hemodialysis, with an average of 8.7 sessions.
- Renal biopsies revealed acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) in one, acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in two, and both in one patient. Steroids were administered to patients with AIN.
Conclusions:
- Wasp stings represent an occupational hazard leading to AKI, often caused by rhabdomyolysis.
- Early renal biopsy is recommended for patients not responding to supportive care.
- Prompt dialysis and steroid therapy for AIN are crucial for improving renal survival.
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