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Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Published on: February 6, 2014

Achieving fast timing performance with multiplexed SiPMs.

M F Bieniosek¹, J W Cates, C S Levin

¹Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Physics in Medicine and Biology

|March 19, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Multiplexing silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) simplifies time-of-flight positron emission tomography (ToF PET) systems. A novel baseline correction technique and charge sharing network mitigate timing degradation, achieving excellent time resolution for ToF PET imaging.

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Nuclear Physics
Electronics Engineering

Background:

Time-of-flight (ToF) measurements enhance signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in positron emission tomography (PET).
Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) offer potential for high SNR gain in ToF PET but require complex, high-bandwidth readout channels.
Multiplexing SiPM signals into fewer channels can simplify ToF PET systems but may degrade time resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of multiplexing on time resolution in ToF PET systems using SiPMs.
To simulate and experimentally verify a baseline correction technique to mitigate timing degradation caused by multiplexing.
To propose and test a charge sharing network for SiPM signal multiplexing.

Main Methods:

Simulations were performed to analyze the contributions of dark counts and signal shaping to timing degradation.
A baseline correction technique was developed and experimentally validated for analog SiPMs.
A charge sharing network was designed and implemented for multiplexing multiple SiPM signals into a single timing channel.

Main Results:

A coincidence time resolution of 196 ps (FWHM) was achieved with LYSO crystals and multiplexed SiPMs.
An average coincidence time resolution of 216 ps (FWHM) was obtained with LFS crystals under the same multiplexing scheme.
The proposed multiplexing method demonstrated excellent time resolution for ToF PET applications without thermal regulation.

Conclusions:

Multiplexing SiPM signals is a viable strategy for simplifying ToF PET systems.
The developed baseline correction technique effectively mitigates timing degradation from multiplexing.
Highly multiplexed analog SiPM readout can achieve excellent time resolution necessary for advanced ToF PET imaging.