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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
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Introduction
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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
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Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

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Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
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Left heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the function and structure of the left side of the heart. It is generally performed to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions such as valve abnormalities, coronary artery disease, and congenital heart defects.Diagnostic and therapeutic purposesLeft heart catheterization serves various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Assessing coronary artery bypass grafts.Evaluating coronary artery disease in...
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Translational Rabbit Model of Chronic Cardiac Pacing
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Thrombus on pacemaker lead.

Monish S Raut1, Arun Maheshwari1, Sumir Dubey2

  • 1Consultant, Department of Cardiac Anaesthesiology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Indian Heart Journal
|March 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A pacemaker lead mass caused shortness of breath and fever in a patient with thrombocytopenia. Surgical removal of the mass and pacemaker components successfully addressed the infection source.

Keywords:
Infective endocarditisPacemaker leadsThrombocytopenia

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • A 58-year-old male with a history of complete heart block, who received a permanent pacemaker six years prior, presented with persistent shortness of breath and recurrent fevers.
  • The patient also exhibited ongoing thrombocytopenia, a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of platelets.

Observation:

  • Echocardiography revealed a significant mass, measuring 4.28 cm², attached to the pacemaker lead within the right atrium.
  • This cardiac mass was suspected to be the source of the patient's prolonged fever and thrombocytopenia.

Findings:

  • Open-heart surgery was performed for the removal of the right atrial mass.
  • During the procedure, the pacemaker leads and pulse generator were also excised along with the mass to eradicate the suspected infection.

Implications:

  • This case highlights a rare complication associated with permanent pacemaker implantation, emphasizing the importance of considering device-related infections in patients with unexplained fevers and thrombocytopenia.
  • Complete removal of infected pacemaker hardware is crucial for resolving systemic symptoms and preventing further complications.