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An Enhancement-focused framework for developing high quality single best answer multiple choice questions.

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Improving medical education assessments requires a collaborative approach to developing high-quality multiple-choice questions (MCQs). Standardizing formats and reviewing items enhance the validity and reliability of student evaluations.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Assessment and Evaluation
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Student assessment aims for valid and reliable evaluations and feedback.
  • Many medical school multiple-choice questions (MCQs) deviate from best practices, impacting student and examiner satisfaction.
  • Item vetting and review are crucial for enhancing MCQ quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe an approach for standardizing MCQ assessment formats.
  • To provide recommendations for improving the quality of high-stakes assessments.

Main Methods:

  • A collaborative, enhancement-focused vetting and review process for developing single best answer MCQs was employed.
  • Standardization of formats for MCQ assessment.

Main Results:

  • Collaborative strategies for blueprinting, vetting, reviewing, and standard-setting MCQs improve assessment quality assurance.
  • Post-examination analysis of MCQs identifies items needing improvement and closes the feedback loop.

Conclusions:

  • Distributing assessment process responsibilities enhances reliability and standards.
  • Developing well-written MCQs, despite time constraints, is valuable for reliable and valid scores.
  • An enhancement-focused approach yields institutional rewards and better high-stakes assessments.