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Concomitant Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis and C3 Glomerulonephritis Causing Renal Failure
Aadel A Chaudhuri1, Jason T Davis2
1Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine.
Cureus
|March 23, 2016
Summary
This case study highlights a unique presentation of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and C3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN) in a patient with severe renal failure. Early diagnosis and treatment led to significant kidney function improvement.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Rheumatology
- Immunology
Background:
- A 75-year-old male presented with acute epistaxis, dyspnea, anemia, thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy, and renal failure.
- Initial workup excluded microangiopathic hemolytic anemia.
Observation:
- Autoimmune markers revealed positive C-ANCA, elevated rheumatoid factor, and low C3 complement.
- Renal biopsy showed global glomerulosclerosis, C3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN), and crescentic glomerulonephritis.
Findings:
- The patient exhibited a mixed clinical and pathological picture of GPA and C3GN.
- Treatment with cyclophosphamide and prednisone resulted in clinical improvement and recovery of renal function.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of considering overlapping autoimmune and glomerulonephritis conditions.
- Timely immunosuppressive therapy can lead to favorable outcomes in complex renal diseases.
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