Physical fitness training for stroke patients

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Rehabilitation Medicine
• Exercise Physiology

Background:

• Physical fitness levels are often low in stroke survivors, impacting recovery and daily function.
• The effectiveness of physical fitness interventions in reducing post-stroke disability remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of cardiorespiratory and resistance training on death, dependence, and disability in stroke survivors.
• To assess training effects on adverse events, risk factors, physical fitness, mobility, function, quality of life, mood, and cognitive function.

Main Methods:

• A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing exercise interventions with usual care or non-exercise interventions.
• Searched multiple databases up to February 2015, including ongoing trials and expert consultations.
• Included 58 trials with 2797 participants, analyzing cardiorespiratory, resistance, and mixed training interventions.

Main Results:

• Cardiorespiratory and mixed training showed moderate to small improvements in global disability indices.
• Cardiorespiratory training significantly improved walking speed and capacity.
• Mixed training also enhanced walking speed and capacity, with slight improvements in balance; resistance training effects were inconclusive.

Conclusions:

• Cardiorespiratory and mixed training are recommended for post-stroke rehabilitation to enhance walking and mobility.
• Evidence for resistance training is insufficient.
• Long-term effects, impact on death/dependence, and cognitive function require further investigation.