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Related Concept Videos

Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
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Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin

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Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
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The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

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The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 23, 2026

In vitro Assessment of Myocardial Protection following Hypothermia-Preconditioning in a Human Cardiac Myocytes Model
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In vitro Assessment of Myocardial Protection following Hypothermia-Preconditioning in a Human Cardiac Myocytes Model

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Cardioprotection and thyroid hormones.

Alessandro Pingitore1, Giuseppina Nicolini2, Claudia Kusmic2

  • 1Clinical Physiology Institute, CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy. pingitor@gmail.com.

Heart Failure Reviews
|March 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Triiodothyronine shows promise in cardioprotection after heart attack by preserving mitochondria and promoting cell regeneration. This thyroid hormone may reduce infarct size and prevent heart failure progression.

Keywords:
Acute myocardial infarctionCardioprotectionHeart failureThyroid hormone

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cardiac disease progression post-ischemia involves complex mechanisms including ischemic damage, reperfusion injury, and remodeling.
  • Cardioprotection aims to reduce infarct size and prevent heart failure after acute ischemic events.
  • Effective cardioprotective strategies require targeting interconnected pathways involved in disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the cardioprotective role of triiodothyronine in the context of post-ischemic cardiac disease evolution.
  • To highlight how triiodothyronine influences key mechanisms in the heart after ischemia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on studies investigating the thyroid system and heart homeostasis.
  • Analysis of research on triiodothyronine's effects on mitochondrial function, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and cell regeneration in cardiac tissue.
  • Synthesis of findings related to triiodothyronine's impact on post-ischemic cardiac remodeling.

Main Results:

  • Triiodothyronine plays a significant role in preserving mitochondrial function and morphology.
  • It exhibits antifibrotic and proangiogenetic effects, crucial for cardiac repair.
  • Potential for triiodothyronine to induce cell regeneration and growth in the post-ischemic heart.

Conclusions:

  • Triiodothyronine demonstrates multifaceted cardioprotective effects relevant to post-ischemic cardiac disease.
  • Targeting the thyroid system, specifically with triiodothyronine, represents a promising therapeutic avenue for reducing infarct size and mitigating heart failure.
  • Further research into triiodothyronine's mechanisms could lead to novel cardioprotective interventions.