[CHARACTERISTIC OF ENDOMETRIAL MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IN CULTURE OBTAINED FROM PATIENT WITH ADENOMYOSIS]

Area of Science:

• Reproductive biology
• Cell biology
• Genetics

Background:

• Adenomyosis is a common gynecological condition linked to endometriosis and female infertility.
• Endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs) play a role in reproductive health.
• Understanding cellular differences in adenomyosis is crucial for reproductive medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

• To characterize and compare eMSCs from an adenomyosis patient with those from a healthy donor.
• To investigate potential cellular and genetic differences contributing to adenomyosis.

Main Methods:

• Isolation and characterization of eMSCs.
• Morphological and differentiation assays (adipogenesis).
• Immunophenotyping for mesenchymal and hematopoietic markers.
• G-banding cytogenetic analysis of karyotype and chromosomal aberrations.

Main Results:

• eMSCs from both groups displayed fibroblast-like morphology, adipogenic differentiation potential, and expressed mesenchymal markers while lacking hematopoietic markers.
• Healthy donor cells predominantly showed a normal karyotype.
• Adenomyosis-derived cells exhibited significant karyotypic instability, including aneuploidy and non-random chromosomal breaks (notably on chromosomes 7 and 11).
• Adenomyosis cells showed signs of genome destabilization, characteristic of early cell transformation, but entered replicative senescence by passage 26.

Conclusions:

• eMSCs from adenomyosis patients possess karyotypic instability and specific chromosomal alterations compared to healthy controls.
• These genetic changes indicate genome destabilization but do not result in cellular transformation or in vitro immortalization.
• Further research into these chromosomal abnormalities may elucidate mechanisms underlying adenomyosis pathogenesis.