[Intramedullary spinal cord cavernous malformations--clinical presentation and optimal management]

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Neurosurgery
• Vascular Malformations

Context:

• Spinal cord cavernous malformations (scCM) are rare intramedullary lesions, accounting for 5-12% of such pathologies.
• Existing literature on scCM pathology, epidemiology, and clinical/radiological features is consolidated.
• This review synthesizes current knowledge on scCM management and treatment outcomes.

Purpose:

• To review and consolidate existing knowledge on spinal cord cavernous malformations.
• To outline management and treatment strategies for scCM.
• To present outcomes of scCM treatment.

Summary:

• scCM typically present in individuals around 42 years old, most commonly in the thoracic region (57%).
• Clinical symptoms often include sensory (65%) and motor (63%) deficits, with a 2.5% annual hemorrhage risk.
• Asymptomatic intramedullary scCM warrant observation, while symptomatic or exophytic lesions require surgical removal for potential clinical improvement (60% success rate).

Impact:

• Provides a comprehensive overview of scCM for clinicians and researchers.
• Informs clinical decision-making regarding the observation versus surgical treatment of scCM.
• Highlights the potential for satisfactory outcomes following surgical intervention for symptomatic scCM.