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Updated: Mar 23, 2026

A Method for Selecting Structure-switching Aptamers Applied to a Colorimetric Gold Nanoparticle Assay

A Method for Selecting Structure-switching Aptamers Applied to a Colorimetric Gold Nanoparticle Assay

Published on: February 28, 2015

Enhancing aptamer function and stability via in vitro selection using modified nucleic acids.

Kirsten N Meek¹, Alexandra E Rangel¹, Jennifer M Heemstra¹

¹Department of Chemistry and the Center for Cell and Genome Science, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)

|March 26, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Modified nucleic acid aptamers offer advantages over antibodies due to chemical synthesis. Recent advances allow direct selection of modified aptamers, enhancing their function in therapeutics and diagnostics.

Keywords:

Affinity reagent Aptamer In vitro selection Nucleic acid Polymerase engineering Templated synthesis

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Molecular Biology
Chemical Biology

Background:

Nucleic acid aptamers are increasingly recognized as viable alternatives to antibodies.
Their chemical synthesis offers advantages in developing therapeutics, bioimaging agents, and analytical tools.
Modified aptamers exhibit superior affinity, specificity, and biostability compared to native ones.

Purpose of the Study:

To review technological advancements in the direct selection of modified aptamers.
To highlight how in vitro selection of non-natural nucleic acids improves aptamer function.
To discuss the impact of these advances on aptamer applications.

Main Methods:

Review of recent progress in polymerase engineering for aptamer synthesis.
Discussion of templated nucleic acid synthesis techniques for modified aptamers.
Analysis of in vitro selection strategies for non-natural nucleic acids.

Main Results:

Direct selection methods enable the incorporation of modified backbones and nucleobases.
These methods overcome limitations of post-selection modification approaches.
Enhanced aptamer properties such as affinity, specificity, and stability are achieved.

Conclusions:

Technological advances facilitate the direct selection of highly functional modified aptamers.
The development of non-natural nucleic acid aptamers expands their potential in various applications.
Chemical synthesis and in vitro selection are key drivers for next-generation aptamer technology.