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Related Concept Videos

Muscle Stimulation Frequency01:22

Muscle Stimulation Frequency

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The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 23, 2026

Author Spotlight: Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy in Achilles Tendinopathy Treatment
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Repetitive shock wave therapy improves muscular microcirculation.

Tobias Kisch1, Waldemar Wuerfel2, Vinzent Forstmeier3

  • 1Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery, Burn Unit, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.

The Journal of Surgical Research
|March 30, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) increases muscle blood flow in rats. Repetitive treatments provide a sustained beneficial effect, suggesting potential for muscle injury recovery in athletes.

Keywords:
ESWTMuscular microcirculationRepetitive shockwave therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Sports Medicine
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is established for tendon and bone healing.
  • Its effects on muscle tissue, particularly for athletes, are less understood.
  • Muscle injuries are a significant concern in sports like soccer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of focused ESWT on muscle blood flow in a rat model.
  • To determine if repetitive ESWT sessions enhance the vascular response in muscle tissue.

Main Methods:

  • 26 rats were divided into two groups: single ESWT application and three repetitive ESWT applications.
  • High-energy focused ESWT parameters were applied.
  • Muscle blood flow was continuously measured noninvasively using Laser-Doppler-Imaging and photospectrometry (Oxygen-to-see, O2C).

Main Results:

  • A single ESWT session transiently increased muscle blood flow by 16.5%.
  • Repetitive ESWT sessions led to a cumulative increase in blood flow, reaching 29.8% after the third session.
  • The elevated blood flow persisted for at least 10 minutes after the final ESWT application.

Conclusions:

  • Focused ESWT effectively enhances muscle blood flow in rats.
  • Repetitive ESWT application prolongs and amplifies this beneficial vascular effect.
  • Findings suggest ESWT's potential therapeutic role in muscle injury management.