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25-Hydroxyvitamin D concentration and all-cause mortality: the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study
Alicia K Heath1, Elizabeth J Williamson2, David Kvaskoff3
11Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health,The University of Melbourne,Level 3,207 Bouverie Street,Melbourne,Victoria 3010,Australia.
Public Health Nutrition
|March 30, 2016
Summary
Higher vitamin D levels (25(OH)D and 25(OH)D3) were linked to lower mortality risk. However, this association was not observed in individuals with detectable 25-hydroxyergocalciferol (25(OH)D2).
Area of Science:
- Nutritional biochemistry
- Epidemiology
- Public health
Background:
- Circulating vitamin D metabolites, including 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3), and 25-hydroxyergocalciferol (25(OH)D2), play crucial roles in human health.
- Understanding the relationship between these metabolites and mortality risk is essential for public health initiatives and clinical practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between circulating concentrations of total 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D3, and 25(OH)D2 and all-cause mortality.
- To explore potential differential effects of vitamin D2 and D3 metabolites on mortality risk.
Main Methods:
- A case-cohort study design was employed within the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS).
- Concentrations of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 were measured in dried blood spots using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
- Cox regression analysis was utilized to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for mortality, adjusting for relevant confounders.
Main Results:
- An inverse association was observed between total 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D3 concentrations and mortality. Specifically, each 25 nmol/l increment in 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D3 was associated with a reduced hazard ratio (HR 0.86 and 0.85, respectively).
- Detectable levels of 25(OH)D2 were found in 1.2% of participants, with a mean concentration 11.9 nmol/l higher than those without detectable 25(OH)D2.
- The presence of detectable 25(OH)D2 was associated with an increased hazard ratio for mortality (HR 1.80). Furthermore, the inverse association between total 25(OH)D and mortality was attenuated and became non-significant in individuals with detectable 25(OH)D2 (P interaction=0.02).
Conclusions:
- Circulating concentrations of total 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D3 are inversely associated with mortality.
- The protective association of 25(OH)D with mortality appears to be limited to individuals with undetectable levels of 25(OH)D2.
- Further research is warranted to confirm these findings in populations with higher exposure to ergocalciferol (vitamin D2).
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