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Cognitive Performance, Driving Behavior, and Attitudes over Time in Older Adults.

Mark J Rapoport1, Paweena Sukhawathanakul2, Gary Naglie3,4,5

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Canadian Journal on Aging = La Revue Canadienne Du Vieillissement
|March 30, 2016
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Summary

Cognitive decline in older adults is linked to reduced driving ability perceptions and increased avoidance of driving situations. This study explored the connection between cognitive changes and driving behaviors in seniors.

Keywords:
agingcognitionconduite (f.)drivingexecutive functioningfonctionnement exécutifvieillissment

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Transportation Safety

Background:

  • Cognitive performance naturally declines with age, potentially impacting older adults' driving capabilities.
  • Understanding the relationship between cognitive changes and driving behaviors is crucial for maintaining mobility and safety in aging populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between changes in cognitive function and alterations in driving perceptions, attitudes, and self-regulatory behaviors among healthy older adults.
  • To explore how cognitive slowing and executive dysfunction relate to perceived driving abilities and driving avoidance.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study involving 928 healthy older adults.
  • Annual cognitive assessments and self-report questionnaires on driving perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors over two years.
  • Multivariate statistical analysis to determine relationships between cognitive measures and self-report data.

Main Results:

  • Small but statistically significant correlations were found between cognitive tests and self-report measures.
  • The Trails B cognitive task showed the strongest associations with perceived driving abilities (β = -0.32) and situational driving avoidance (β = 0.55).
  • Cognitive slowing and executive dysfunction were linked to lower perceived driving abilities and increased avoidance of driving situations.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive decline in older adults is associated with a modest decrease in perceived driving abilities.
  • Aging-related cognitive changes, specifically slowing and executive dysfunction, correlate with increased avoidance of certain driving situations.
  • These findings highlight the importance of monitoring cognitive health for maintaining safe driving behaviors in older adults.