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Prevention of hepatitis B virus-associated liver diseases by antiviral therapy

Akinobu Tawada1,2, Tatsuo Kanda3, Fumio Imazeki2

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.

Hepatology International
|March 31, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can lead to severe liver disease. Current treatments include nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs) and peginterferon, with vaccination preventing new infections.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a significant cause of liver disease globally, especially in Asia-Pacific regions.
  • HBV infection can lead to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  • Some individuals develop HCC even without cirrhosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review currently available treatments for Hepatitis B virus infection.
  • To discuss the management of HBV-related complications like HCC and liver failure.
  • To highlight the role of vaccination in preventing HBV transmission.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing HBV treatments.
  • Analysis of treatment efficacy for preventing fibrosis and complications.
  • Discussion of challenges in managing HBV infection and its sequelae.

Main Results:

  • Nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs) can prevent liver fibrosis and complications but require long-term administration.
  • Peginterferon may lead to HBV surface antigen loss.
  • NUCs are effective for acute liver failure and acute exacerbations of chronic hepatitis B.

Conclusions:

  • Continuous treatment with NUCs is necessary for managing HBV infection.
  • Peginterferon use is limited in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.
  • Universal HBV vaccination is crucial for global prevention of new infections.

Keywords:
Chronic hepatitis BHCCInterferonNucleos(t)ide analogue

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