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Josephson current through a quantum dot coupled to a Majorana zero mode.

Han-Zhao Tang1, Ying-Tao Zhang, Jian-Jun Liu

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Josephson current is blocked in trivial topological superconductors but emerges from Majorana zero mode leakage in non-trivial phases. This transition signals Majorana existence and can be probed via current-phase relations.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Information Science
  • Topological Materials

Background:

  • Topological superconductors host Majorana zero modes, exotic quasiparticles with potential applications in quantum computing.
  • Understanding the interplay between quantum dots and topological superconductors is crucial for harnessing Majorana properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate Josephson current behavior in a quantum dot coupled to a topological superconducting nanowire.
  • To determine if Majorana zero modes can induce or modulate Josephson currents.
  • To explore the potential of this system as a probe for topological phase transitions and Majorana zero modes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Green's function method for theoretical analysis.
  • Modeled a quantum dot side-coupled to a topological superconducting nanowire.
  • Analyzed the system's response to varying Zeeman fields.

Main Results:

  • Josephson current is blocked in the trivial topological phase.
  • A transition to a non-trivial phase induces an Andreev bound state and allows Josephson current flow due to Majorana zero mode leakage.
  • The Josephson current exhibits a plateau-like structure and a distinct phase transition dependent on the Zeeman field.

Conclusions:

  • The leakage of Majorana zero modes into a quantum dot can induce a measurable Josephson current.
  • The observed phase transition and plateau structure serve as a robust indicator for the presence of Majorana zero modes.
  • This system offers a promising platform for probing topological properties and advancing quantum technologies.