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Spatial Coding as a Function of Handedness and Responding Hand: Theoretical and Methodological Implications.

Isabel Arend¹, Peter H Weiss^2,3, David C Timpert^2,3

¹Department of Psychology and the Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

|April 1, 2016

Summary

The Simon effect, where stimulus and response locations influence reaction time, is reduced when responses are made with the dominant hand. This highlights attention

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Neuroscience
Human Factors

Background:

The Simon effect demonstrates faster choice reactions when stimulus and response locations align, even if location is irrelevant.
Previous research on factors influencing the Simon effect, such as handedness, responding hand, and visual field, yielded inconclusive results due to separate investigations.
Understanding spatial coding in stimulus-response compatibility is crucial for cognitive control research.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the combined effects of handedness, responding hand, and visual field on the Simon effect within a single study.
To clarify the interplay between these variables in spatial coding and stimulus-response interference.

Main Methods:

A unimanual version of the Simon task was employed.
Four participant groups were studied: left-handed and right-handed individuals, each responding with their dominant and nondominant hands.
Reaction times were measured to assess the Simon effect across conditions.

Main Results:

The Simon effect was significantly reduced in the visual field corresponding to the responding hand for most participants.
An exception was observed in left-handed individuals responding with their left hand, where the effect was not substantially reduced.
Findings suggest that stimulus-response interference is modulated by the hierarchical activation of response units.

Conclusions:

Attention mechanisms play a critical role in stimulus-response coding, influencing the Simon effect.
The results underscore the importance of considering handedness, responding hand, and visual field in research on spatial coding and cognitive control.
Methodological considerations regarding these factors are essential when studying stimulus-response conflict in neurological populations.