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Published on: April 1, 2019
Acetazolamide polymorphism: a case of hybridization induced polymorphism?
Sounak Sarkar1, Mysore S Pavan, Suryanarayan Cherukuvada
1Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India. ssctng@sscu.iisc.ernet.in.
Acetazolamide, a diuretic drug, forms a kinetic crystal structure instead of the expected thermodynamic form when its boiling aqueous solution cools slowly. This phenomenon is explained by "hybridization induced polymorphism," supported by experimental and theoretical data.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Materials Science
- Physical Chemistry
Background:
- Polymorphism is crucial in drug development, affecting solubility and bioavailability.
- Acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, exhibits complex crystallization behavior.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the unusual formation of the kinetic polymorph of acetazolamide.
- To rationalize this phenomenon using the concept of "hybridization induced polymorphism".
Main Methods:
- Extensive experimental investigations including crystallization studies.
- Theoretical investigations employing computational methods.
Main Results:
- Slow cooling of boiling acetazolamide aqueous solution yielded the kinetic form, not the thermodynamic one.
- The observed polymorphism was successfully rationalized by "hybridization induced polymorphism".
Conclusions:
- Hybridization induced polymorphism provides a framework for understanding acetazolamide's kinetic form.
- This finding has implications for controlling drug crystallization and formulation.
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